Oxford bibliographies online

Introduction. Arguably the defining characteristic of the 19th century, mobility seems omnipresent in Victorian literature as narrative device, symbol, or merely descriptive residue. The movement of people and things—whether due to the new technologies of transport or the demographic drift brought about by industrialization—repeatedly ...

Oxford bibliographies online. Oxford Bibliographies Online (OBO) is designed to help researchers efficiently locate reliable sources of information. Each subject module contains a literary research guide to the most significant sources in that area of study with citations that link to those sources.

DOI: 10.1177/030913258801200106. The article thoroughly reviews the interface between geography and literature, by dissecting how literature has been "utilized" in the history of geographic research. Available online for purchase or by subscription. Sharp, Joanne P. "Towards a Critical Analysis of Fictive Geographies.". Area 32.3 (2000 ...

Oxford Bibliographies Online , also known as Oxford Bibliographies, is a web-based compendium of peer-reviewed annotated bibliographies and short encyclopedia entries maintained by Oxford University Press.Rational choice theory and its assumptions about human behavior have been integrated into numerous criminological theories and criminal justice interventions. Rational choice theory originated during the late 18th century with the work of Cesare Beccaria. Since then, the theory has been expanded upon and extended to include other perspectives ...General Overviews. The modern study of standardization has its roots in the 1920s with Jespersen 2007 and the 1930s with the functional view of standardization of the Prague school, and has received attention from several subdisciplines within linguistics, including dialectology and particularly sociolinguistics (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies in Linguistics articles "Dialectology ...DOI: 10.2747/1539-7216.51.5.600. Missing from Kitchin 2007 is an overview of the cultural geography in and of China. This piece offers an overview and critique. Zhu, Hong, Xiaoliang Chen, and Junxi Qian. "Charting the Development of Social and Cultural Geography in Mainland China: Voices from the Inside.".George William Macarthur Reynolds (b. 1814-d. 1879) was at his death labeled "the most popular writer of our time" by the Bookseller in its short obituary. This popularity rested on two achievements: first, the mammoth twelve-volume series of "mysteries" novels, The Mysteries of London (1846-1848) and The Mysteries of the Court of ...Defining Race. Scholars aiming to incorporate race as a category of analysis within organizations and movements research rely on and extend existing definitions. As Morning 2011 argues, there is no agreed upon definition of race and the research at the intersection of race, organizations, and movements mirrors this diversity.Introduction. Social change is the significant alteration of social structure and cultural patterns through time. Social structure refers to persistent networks of social relationships where interaction between people or groups has become routine and repetitive. Culture refers to shared ways of living and thinking that include symbols and ...

DOI: 10.4135/9781483318332. This three-volume encyclopedia set covers the field of online education in 350 entries. The entries are international in scope and addresses many of topical and management areas and technology used in online education. Entries are more expository than analytical. Garrison, D. Randy. 2017.Writing Culture is the title of a highly influential volume, edited by James Clifford and George Marcus in 1986 (see Clifford and Marcus 1986 cited under Writing Culture Debate: Writing Culture and Concomitant Texts ), which deals with the “poetics and politics of ethnography,” as its subtitle reads. Highlighting the epistemic and political ...Oxford Bibliographies in Sociology is designed to provide just this sort of authoritative guidance. In contrast to print bibliographies and electronic indexes that simply list citations, this innovative online reference tool will combine the best features of a high-level encyclopedia and the best features of a traditional bibliography put ...Writing Culture is the title of a highly influential volume, edited by James Clifford and George Marcus in 1986 (see Clifford and Marcus 1986 cited under Writing Culture Debate: Writing Culture and Concomitant Texts ), which deals with the "poetics and politics of ethnography," as its subtitle reads. Highlighting the epistemic and political ...Barnes, Janet. 2006. Tucanoan languages. In Encyclopedia of language and linguistics. 2d ed. Edited by Keith Brown, 130–142. Oxford and Boston: Elsevier. General overview similar to Barnes 1999, with basic typological and structural features of the family, with updated bibliography. Beuchat, Henri, and Paul Rivet. 1911.The Oxford English Dictionary defines "ghetto" as "1. Formerly a section or quarter in a European city to which Jews were restricted. 2. A slum section of an American city occupied predominantly by members of a minority group who live there because of social or economic pressure.". Historically, the word derived from the Italian word ...Oxford Bibliographies Online: Psychology. A continuously updated annotated bibliography of the most important books, article, and online resources. Well over 100 review articles are available to date and growing. More Bibliographies A Research Guide to Psychology by Deborah Dolan. Call Number: Olin Library Reference, Oversize BF76.5 .D6285 2018

Interdisciplinary research connects students and researchers in adjacent fields to the most important issues at the intersection with Victorian Literature. Each subject area has an Editor in Chief, an Editorial Board and peer reviewers, ensuring balanced perspective with scholarly accuracy, authority, and objectivity.Jun 24, 2020 · The emergence of museum education as a profession is a 20th-century phenomenon. Low 1942, by an art museum educator, argued that every museum employee should be engaged in education. A 1966 Smithsonian conference on museums and education, documented by Larrabee 1968, was novel at its time. Oxford Bibliographies in Sociology is designed to provide just this sort of authoritative guidance. In contrast to print bibliographies and electronic indexes that simply list citations, this innovative online reference tool will combine the best features of a high-level encyclopedia and the best features of a traditional bibliography put ...Bibliographies of travel in North America. American travelers to Mexico, 1821-1972: a descriptive bibliography. Call Number: NRLF (UCSC) Z1425.C64 or Bancroft Z1425 .C56. Early Midwestern travel narratives: an annotated bibliography, 1634-1850. Call Number: Main (Gardner) Stacks F351.A12 H8.This book includes major exemplars of democratic political thought, normative theory, and empirically oriented social science. Held, David. 1987. Models of democracy. Cambridge, UK: Polity. An influential and broad-ranging discussion of diverse conceptions of democracy both in classical and modern political and social theory.This ebook is a static version of an article from Oxford Bibliographies Online: Islamic Studies, a dynamic, continuously updated, online resource designed to provide authoritative guidance through scholarship and other materials relevant to the study of the Islamic religion and Muslim cultures. Oxford Bibliographies Online covers most …

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Developed cooperatively with scholars worldwide, Oxford Bibliographies in Linguistics offers exclusive, authoritative research guides. Combining the best features of an annotated bibliography and a high-level encyclopedia, this cutting-edge resource guides researchers to the best available scholarship across the field of Linguistics.Online Resources. Oxford Bibliographies; Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online; Oxford Research Encyclopedias; University Press Scholarship Online; View All; Resources. Authors; Booksellers; Instructors; Librarians; Press; Publisher Services; Researchers; Societies; Sponsors & Advertisers ; Students; CloseSociology of education has its roots in the writings of Émile Durkheim and Max Weber. In his works on education and sociology, Durkheim applied a sociological approach to understanding educational systems, emphasizing the relationship between educational institutions and the larger society. Weber’s writings on bureaucracy were …Field Linguistics: A beginner's guide. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. With a focus on the responsibility of linguists to document languages, this study covers ethical issues, types of elicitation, use of texts, background for doing fieldwork, and potential cultural issues. Explicit discussion about working in situations where there is just a ...Gilbert, Pamela K. "The Body.". Victorian Network 6.1 (Summer 2015): 1-6. A brief sketch of how "body studies" was initiated by inquiries into gender and bio-politics, but how the field has grown through materialist concerns ranging from the ergonomic and the economic, evolution and industrialism, disease and health, medical and legal ...

Aristotle (384-322 BCE) was a younger disciple and colleague of Plato. They are the two most famous and important ancient philosophers, and Aristotle is the only Platonic disciple whose works have been transmitted to us. The relationship between the two thinkers is complex: they share some basic ideas but the disciple is a strong critic of ...The Oxford Biblical Studies Online and Oxford Islamic Studies Online have retired. Content you previously purchased on Oxford Biblical Studies Online or Oxford Islamic Studies Online has now moved to Oxford Reference, Oxford Handbooks Online, Oxford Scholarship Online, or What Everyone Needs to Know®. For information on how to continue to view articles visit the subscriber services page.Oxford Bibliographies Online (OBO) is designed to help researchers efficiently locate reliable sources of information. Each subject module contains a literary research guide to the most significant sources in that area of study with citations that link to those sources.The discipline seeks to describe and explain why different phenomena are located where they are and how their spatial patterns change over time. Geographers also study how people perceive and represent their worlds, including maps of all sorts as well as textual and visual depictions. Many geographers rely on sophisticated technological systems ...The original World Trade Center was commissioned by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey in 1962. The Port Authority envisioned the Trade Center as a new architectural symbol for New York. After soliciting ideas from many of the leading American architects of the time, the Port Authority selected Minoru Yamasaki and Associates over ...International communications is an extremely broad, interdisciplinary topic. To master communications, experts must have at least some knowledge of engineering, computer science, politics, economics, sociology, anthropology, business, law, and public policy plus in-depth expertise on two or three of these topics.From Oxford UP: The Oxford Bibliographies Online series "offers exclusive, authoritative research guides across a variety of subject areas. Combining the best features of an annotated bibliography and a high-level encyclopedia, this [regularly updated] resource directs researchers to the best available scholarship across a wide …Augustus, famous as Rome's first emperor, came to power in the aftermath of his defeat of Antony and Cleopatra. The benefit of hindsight allows us to view him as the founder of a new political system at Rome, known as the Principate. This neat summary obscures the fact that the period of Augustus's rule was one of experimentation and ...To be digitally literate, competent learners would need to perform equally as well in face-to-face and print communication, as well as with emerging online tools such as discussions boards, instant messaging, and email. Along with the introduction of the term "digital literacy," a number of related—and often considered synonymous—terms ...A third online bibliography is offered under the auspices of Oxford University Press in the Oxford Online Bibliographies series. The Aristotle bibliography, assembled by Prof. Christof Rapp, is limited in scope, because it aims to provide a guided introduction to the most significant works on Aristotle.DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511981050. Based on a one-semester university course, the book represents a compact introduction to urban ecology. Each chapter ends with discussion questions, readings, and exercises. A great book for students interested in the field and for lecturers developing a new course. Alberti, Marina. 2008.

Oxford Bibliographies in Sociology is designed to provide just this sort of authoritative guidance. In contrast to print bibliographies and electronic indexes that simply list citations, this innovative online reference tool will combine the best features of a high-level encyclopedia and the best features of a traditional bibliography put ...

Oxford Bibliographies Online: Renaissance and Reformation. Offers peer-reviewed annotated bibliographies on the period of the Renaissance and Reformation, which spans roughly from the 14th through 17th centuries. Bibliographies are browseable by subject area and keyword searchable.New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. This chapter assesses the state of urban geography at the beginning of the twenty-first century in this large topical reference on the many subfields within the discipline of geography. It covers the scholarship of urban geographers in the United States during the last decade of the twentieth century and ...Aristotle (384–322 BCE) was a younger disciple and colleague of Plato. They are the two most famous and important ancient philosophers, and Aristotle is the only Platonic disciple whose works have been transmitted to us. The relationship between the two thinkers is complex: they share some basic ideas but the disciple is a strong critic of ...General Overviews. The best general survey, with an excellent bibliography up until 1988, is Greene 1988, supplemented by the comparative analysis of Elliott 2006 and the essays in Canny 1998. Armitage and Braddick 2002 is especially suggestive as to how English America fits into Atlantic history. A major problem for all historians is that before 1776 …Oxford Bibliographies Online: Linguistics. Annotated bibliographies of the most recent and authoritative linguistics scholarship. Linguistics Librarian David Jenkins Email Me. Contact: A-15J-2 Firestone Library (609) 258-5811 Office hours: Mondays 11:00-12:00pm, Tuesdays 2:00-4:00pm ...The Concept of Law. 2d ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1997. Originally published 1961, Hart's book is by far the most influential statement of legal positivism in the English-speaking world of the 20th century. Hart's style is admirably clear and accessible, so this is a suitable introduction for undergraduates as well as graduate students and ...Oxford Bibliographies in Anthropology is an entirely new and unique type of reference tool that has been specially created to meet a great need among today's students, scholars, and professionals. It offers more than other bibliography initiatives on- and offline by providing expert commentary to help students and scholars find, negotiate ...Three classic general books on Plato from the early to mid-20th century are Taylor 1926, Crossman 1937, and Ryle 1966. Taylor 1926 is the best and most reliable of these, but the other two are both entertaining period pieces. More recently, White 1976 is a modern classic book-length introduction to Plato.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.A third online bibliography is offered under the auspices of Oxford University Press in the Oxford Online Bibliographies series. The Aristotle bibliography, assembled by Prof. Christof Rapp, is limited in scope, because it aims to provide a guided introduction to the most significant works on Aristotle.

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With which browsers is Oxford Bibliographies compatible? The site should be accessible to general users using most current and many legacy browsers. Oxford Bibliographies is specifically tested and designed for correct display and function on the following browsers: Chrome 83.0.4103; Edge 44.18362; Edge 83..478.37;Oxford Biblical Studies Online provides a comprehensive resource for the study of the Bible and biblical history. The integration of authoritative scholarly texts and reference works with tools that provide ease of research into the background, context, and issues related to the Bible make Oxford Biblical Studies Online a valuable resource not …This Oxford Bibliographies article has two main parts. First, following a general overview of spatial concepts and spatial thinking in sociology, we introduce the field of spatial analysis focusing on easily available textbooks (introductory, handbooks, and advanced), journals, data, and online instructional resources.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Media ecology focuses on media as environments, and environments as media, with an explicit concern for their evolution, effects, and forms. It comprises a theory about the complex interplay between humans, technology, media, and the environment, with the aim of increasing awareness of mutual effects. Media ecology is an expansive, inclusive ...Jun 3, 2015 · Indeed, the very concept of the Renaissance predicates access to a library, because if Antiquity were to be reborn, the guidelines for this rebirth had to emerge from research into the culture of Greece and Rome, which had to take place in a well-stocked library. At the beginning of the Renaissance, libraries were relatively few and small; at ... With Oxford Bibliographies in Social Work, students and researchers will have a reliable and up-to-date place to start their research. Unlike traditional bibliographies and the online abstracting & indexing services, Oxford Bibliographies in Social Work provides a much-needed filter to the avalanche of scholarly information now available.Antonio Vivaldi (b. 1678-d. 1741) was a prolific composer and celebrated violinist whose reputation and stylistic influence spread across Europe, particularly during the 1710s and 1720s. The son of a barber-turned-violinist, Vivaldi trained as a secular priest but spent the majority of his career in several roles, including musical performer ... ….

Description. Oxford Bibliographies Online: Childhood Studies consists of detailed annotated bibliographies for important topics in modern and historical childhood studies. Given the multidisciplinary nature of childhood studies, it includes topics in the humanities, social sciences, health sciences, public policy, law, and ethics. Ambedkar Buddhism Introduction Ambedkar Buddhism, or Navayana (“new vehicle”) Buddhism, began on 14 October 1956 in Nagpur, India, when nearly... Amitābha Introduction The three topics of Amitābha (in Japanese, Amida; in Chinese, Amituo), Pure Land Buddhism, and nembutsu are always lin...Communication management is generally defined as steering communication processes in organizational contexts along the phases of analyzing, planning, organizing, executing, and evaluating with the aim of contributing to organizational goals and value creation. The term has however often been interpreted in different ways, and it is used ...November 28, 2022 by Nijay Gupta. 0 Comments. I was excited to discover today that Oxford University Press has published my article on Philemon scholarship in the Oxford Bibliographies databases ...Oxford Biblical Studies Online provides a comprehensive resource for the study of the Bible and biblical history. The integration of authoritative scholarly texts and reference works with tools that provide ease of research into the background, context, and issues related to the Bible make Oxford Biblical Studies Online a valuable resource not …Oxford: Blackwell. This informative and readable book covers many different types of relativism, including epistemological, ontological, and moral relativism, with an introductory chapter that stakes out the terms of the debate. ... Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions.A plaque near John Milton's birthplace in London describes two of his life's main missions: he was a "poet and statesman.". Although Milton (b. 1608-d. 1674), proud throughout his life of his identity as a Londoner and an Englishman, is regarded as England's finest writer of nondramatic verse, the plaque pays a more accurate tribute ...The discipline seeks to describe and explain why different phenomena are located where they are and how their spatial patterns change over time. Geographers also study how people perceive and represent their worlds, including maps of all sorts as well as textual and visual depictions. Many geographers rely on sophisticated technological systems ... Oxford bibliographies online, Editor in Chief: Margaret King. Concise treatment of large topics such as "Rembrandt" or "John Calvin" to quickly get you up to speed on topics outside of your area of expertise. Expert recommendation on the best works available in Renaissance and Reformation whether it be a chapter, a book, a journal article, a Website, blog, or data set ..., "Greek Lexicography" published on by null. Schaps 2011 is the best introduction, especially for students, to the various kinds of lexical reference tools available and what expectations to have of them.. Schaps, David M. 2011. Handbook for Classical Research Abingdon: Routledge: 69-80.. NNNA helpful warning for users of Greek and Latin lexica, drawing attention to the compilation of data, the ..., Oxford Bibliographies Online. Alternate Titles: OBO. Connect to Resource. Combining the best features of an annotated bibliography with those of a high-level encyclopedia, the OBO helps identify the best available scholarship across a wide variety of subjects. The Library currently subscribes to the following OBO modules:, New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. This chapter assesses the state of urban geography at the beginning of the twenty-first century in this large topical reference on the many subfields within the discipline of geography. It covers the scholarship of urban geographers in the United States during the last decade of the twentieth century and ..., DOI: 10.4135/9781483318332. This three-volume encyclopedia set covers the field of online education in 350 entries. The entries are international in scope and addresses many of topical and management areas and technology used in online education. Entries are more expository than analytical. Garrison, D. Randy. 2017., The term "diaspora" was a neologism coined by the translators of the Hebraic Bible into Greek in the 3rd century BC, and derived from the Greek diaspeirein (" dia " meaning "through, across" and " speirein " "to scatter"). Originally associated with the Jewish diaspora, the term was later used to refer to other diasporas ..., Research: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide (Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guides) eBook : Saini, Michael: Amazon.co.uk: Kindle Store., Introduction. There is no consensus as to the shape of the field of Late Antique art or the temporal parameters of the period of Late Antiquity (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies article Roman History: Late Antiquity).Following current trends toward inclusivity, the temporal frame adopted here spans much of the 1st millennium …, Oxford Bibliographies Online covers most subject disciplines within the social science and humanities, for more information visit www.oxfordbibligraphies.com., Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual access to institutions. For more information or to contact an Oxford Sales Representative click here. Developed cooperatively with scholars and librarians worldwide, Oxford Bibliographies offers exclusive, authoritative research guides across a wide variety of subjects., We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us., Introduction. Cultural identity is a multidimensional concept that has fascinated scholars, researchers, and practitioners in (intercultural) communication and related disciplines over time. The year 2020 has witnessed renewed interests in and debates about a multiplicity of cultural identities, which demonstrate the concept's relevance in ..., Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance 72.2: 28-31. DOI: 10.1080/07303084.2001.10605831. This heavily cited article has been published with PE practitioners as the target audience. It offers clear guidance for teachers wishing to implement cooperative learning into their teaching., We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us., This bibliography tries to convey a sense of the range of scholarly work from the mid-1960s to the mid-2010s which has focused on erotic, obscene, and pornographic writing from 1660 to 1900. It centers on literature in England, but English and French literatures were so mutually informing throughout this period that some work on French erotic ..., Readers should also refer to the related entries in Oxford Bibliographies Online, particularly Adoption & Fostering; Adoption; History of Social Work in the United Kingdom, and History of Social Work in Northern Ireland. The first of these provides a useful introduction to the main issues in adoption from a social, cultural, and historical ..., Over 5 billion. Greek Lexicography: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide is written by Patrick James and published by Oxford University Press, USA. The Digital and eTextbook ISBNs for Greek Lexicography: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide are 0199805164. Save up to 80% versus print by going digital with VitalSource., Approaches to Translation. Studies of Western approaches to translation nonetheless bulk large in translation studies scholarship. Historical investigations duly acknowledge the influence of Greek and Roman thought: the Oxford Bibliographies in Classics article Translation and Classical Reception is a helpful point of departure. Yet an engagement with the ancient Greek context, in particular ..., Fine, Gail, ed. Plato. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. The other most important collection besides Kraut’s. Two thematically distinct volumes ( Plato 1: Metaphysics and Epistemology and Plato 2: Ethics, Politics, Religion, and the Soul) of essays by leading scholars. Kraut, Richard, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Plato., Introduction. In 1630, eighteen-year-old Anne Bradstreet joined her family, her new husband, and a large group of Puritan faithful on a harrowing three-month journey from Southampton, England, to New England. Bradstreet's father and husband were prominent members of a Puritan community seeking freedom from persecution by the Church of England., Sponsors & Advertisers. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford Bibliographies on the Academic Oxford University Press website., Oxford Bibliographies Online (OBO) This link opens in a new window The bibliographies for literature provide a brief overview of writers, literary movements, etc. followed by an extensive bibliography (list of influential sources with brief summaries)., Barnes, Janet. 2006. Tucanoan languages. In Encyclopedia of language and linguistics. 2d ed. Edited by Keith Brown, 130-142. Oxford and Boston: Elsevier. General overview similar to Barnes 1999, with basic typological and structural features of the family, with updated bibliography. Beuchat, Henri, and Paul Rivet. 1911., Each of the sources below provides an overview and introduction to the field of poverty. These include Glennerster 2002, online material available at the Institute for Research on Poverty, textbooks (Iceland 2006 and Schiller 2008), edited volumes (Cancian and Danziger 2009 and Edwards, et al. 2007), and monographs (Blank 1997 and Rank 2004)., With Oxford Bibliographies in Social Work, students and researchers will have a reliable and up-to-date place to start their research. Unlike traditional bibliographies and the online abstracting & indexing services, Oxford Bibliographies in Social Work provides a much-needed filter to the avalanche of scholarly information now available., Aug 22, 2023 · Oxford Bibliographies Online: Cinema and Media Studies Online bibliographic guide to current scholarship, containing original commentary and annotations. Gathers together a large collection of articles addressing themes and topics within Cinema and Media Studies. , Introduction. Born at Athens in a family of noble descent, Plato (b. c . 428–427– d. c . 348–347 BCE) naturally sought throughout his life to play a political role as councilor or legislator, not only at Athens but also abroad, especially in Sicily. A writer and philosopher, Plato was above all a citizen who, as is attested by the ten ..., Editor in Chief | Area Editors | Articles and Contributors. Oxford Bibliographies in International Law is designed to provide authoritative guidance.The field is rife with debate and controversy, as with most anything that deals with such a complex system of rules and principles meant to govern the relations between states and other institutional subjects, such as the United Nations or the ..., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007a. Kuhrt gives an overview of the sources available for Cyrus as well as the difficulties encountered in interpreting them. The article is appended with translations of several historical sources, including the Cyrus Cylinder. ... Oxford Bibliographies Online is available by subscription and perpetual …, Herodotus of Halicarnassus (c. 485—c. 425 BCE) is the author of the Histories, the oldest surviving historiographical work of Antiquity. Four times the size of Homer's Iliad, it describes the origins and course of the conflicts between the Persian Empire and the Greek city-states at the beginning of the 5th century BCE., Three classic general books on Plato from the early to mid-20th century are Taylor 1926, Crossman 1937, and Ryle 1966. Taylor 1926 is the best and most reliable of these, but the other two are both entertaining period pieces. More recently, White 1976 is a modern classic book-length introduction to Plato., Communication is a fundamental skill that plays a crucial role in our personal and professional lives. Oxford University is renowned worldwide for its academic excellence and rich history. It has stood as a symbol of educational prestige fo..., Apr 15, 2021 · Biogeography is a broad and holistic science that examines spatial patterns of biological diversity. Biogeography is a subfield of the discipline of geography (or biology, depending on area of specialization), the study of the spatial distribution of phenomena over the earth. Biogeographers examine the historical, geological, ecological, and ...